Matera, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993 and the European Capital of Culture in 2019, continues to impress with its rich historical and architectural landscapes. While the Sassi, with their houses carved into the rock, are the city’s most iconic feature, the underground areas reveal the most intriguing and captivating aspects of Matera. The underground Matera is a complex network of subterranean environments that tell a powerful story through the enduring presence of stone. This hidden world reflects a humanity that adapted, resisted, and developed sustainable ways of living long before modern times.